CROSS-CUTTING ISSUES OF PESTICIDES AND HAZARD FREE MANAGEMENT OF BRINJAL SHOOT AND FRUIT BORER IN BANGLADESH

Abstract

Several studies were conducted in the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh, during February 2016 to March 2020 to evaluate the cross-cutting issues of pesticides and hazard free management of brinjal shoot and fruit borer in Bangladesh. In Bangladesh, farmers have been facing problem in cultivation of brinjal in the field due to brinjal shoot and fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee), the most destructive insect pests of brinjal. A field survey was conducted with 310 brinjal farmers in five major brinjal growing districts. From the survey it was found that farmers of the major brinjal growing districts of Bangladesh are concerned about the brinjal shoot and fruit borer, destructive phase of BSFB and the favorable season of BSFB. 57.4% farmers under the survey used cocktail of synthetic insecticides (2-3 insecticides) against the BSFB. In Jashore region, farmers used insecticides two days interval. Beside this, the farmers were known about the hazard free management practices like using pheromone trap, biopesticides,

etc. From the varietal screening it was found that, BARI Bt Brinjal-1 was most resistant cultivar against BSFB infestation, whereas BARI Begun-10 was most susceptible variety. The BARI Trap II showed the best performance resulting the lowest shoot infestation, fruit infestation by number and fruit infestation by weight (10.0, 8.08 and 9.44 percent, respectively) when it was set at canopy level in the brinjal field. The BARI Trap II also showed the best performance in producing highest fruit yield when it was set at canopy level in the brinjal field. From the comparative study of ecological and chemical approaches, it was revealed that, spraying of Marshal 20 (Carbosulfan) @ 3.0 ml/L of water at alternate 7 days interval showed the lowest fruit infestation by number, fruit infestation by weight, shoot infestation, and the highest length of healthy fruit, girth of healthy fruit, length of infested fruit, girth of infested fruit, number of bores fruit iv

-1 , the highest weight of edible portion of infested fruit, the lowest weight of non-edible portion of infested fruit and yield (13.91%, 13.96%, 10.79%, 8.72 cm, 21.75 cm, 5.85 cm, 14.02 cm, 2.67 bores, 3.00 g/fruit, 0.39 g/fruit and 8.84 kg/plot, respectively) in the brinjal field. In the study of IPM packages for brinjal shoot and fruit borer management, IPM package-7 comprised of Pheromone Trap located at the canopy level @ 1 lure at 30 days interval + Spraying of Neem oil (azadirachtin) @ 3.0 ml/L and Marshal 20 EC (carbosulfan) @ 3.0 ml/L of water at alternate 7 days interval, respectively showed the best performance and found the lowest fruit infestation by number, fruit infestation by weight, shoot infestation, and the highest length of healthy fruit, girth of healthy fruit, length of infested fruit, girth of infested fruit, number of bores fruit -1 , the highest weight of edible portion of infested fruit, the lowest weight of non-edible portion of infested fruit and yield (13.76%, 14.86%, 10.85%, 8.67 cm, 22.16 cm, 5.84 cm, 13.96 cm, 1.33 bores, 0.48 kg, 0.05 kg and 8.77 kg/plot, respectively) in the brinjal field.