CHARACTERIZATION, PROXIMATE COMPOSITION AND MINERAL PROFILE ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) GENOTYPES

Abstract

A comparative study was done to find out physical-chemical properties of hybrid, high yielding (HY) and indigenous varieties of sunflower seeds collected from three local markets. In this study seed weight, moisture%, ash%, protein%, and fat% of whole seed, chemical constant, and fatty acid profile of oil, and minerals composition of oilcake were investigated. Among the varieties, BARI Shurjomukhi-2 (HY) showed the highest thousand grain weight (69.79 ± 2.06 g), moisture content (6.29 ± 0.09%), oil content (36.46 ± 0.40%), and crude protein (25.03 ± 0.89%). In case of chemical constant, for sunflower oil, BARI Shurjomukhi-2 contained the highest saponification value (237.01± 2.17), iodine value (131.64 ± 0.46), and lower acid value (0.60± 0.04) than in other oil. For fatty acid composition, BARI Shurjomukhi-2 contained the highest stearic acid (9.60 ± 0.39%) and oleic acid (46.13 ± 0.89%) while Canadian (hybrid) showed the highest content of palmitic acid (9.15 ± 0.14%) and BARI Shurjomukhi-3 linoleic acid (53.80 ± 1.05%). Maximum ash content was recorded in Taiwan (hybrid) (3.20 ± 0.03%). In terms of mineral composition, the highest amount of magnesium (0.57 ± 0.01%), sulfur (0.090 ± 0.001%), potassium (0.90 ± 0.03%), phosphorous (1.42 ± 0.01%), cupper (47.75 ± 0.05ppm), zinc (73.36 ± 0.03ppm), and iron (119.75 ± 0.05ppm) observed in the oilcake of hybrid (Taiwan) variety. The highest content of calcium (0.2300 ± 0.01%) and manganese (45.50 ± 0.6ppm) was found highest in Local variety. Therefore, Hybrid (Taiwan) showed best result for mineral composition but in terms of total physico-chemical aspect, HY (BARI-Shurjomukhi-2) performed better over hybrid (Taiwan) and Local varieties.