EFFECTS OF USING GARLIC (Allium sativum) AND TURMERIC (Curcuma longa) POWDER AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO ANTIBIOTIC IN BROILER RATION

Abstract

The goal of this study was to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of garlic (Allium sativum) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) powder as an alternative to antibiotic on production performance and health status of broiler chicken for a period of 28 days. A total of 150 Commercial broiler chicks of Cobb-500 strain randomly divided into 5 treatment groups viz. T 0 (Control), T 1 (antibiotic), T 2 (GP 0.5%), T 3 (TP 0.5%) and T 4

(GP 0.25% & TP 0.25%) having three replications consisting of 10 chicks in each. In this study, feed consumption (FC), body weight gain, live weight (LW), FCR and dressing percentage (DP) showed insignificant (p>0.05) difference among the treatments. However, comparatively (p>0.05) improved FC (2321.67 ± 20.63), highest LW (1625.67 ± 12.57), better FCR (1.43 ± 0.02) and highest DP (71.52 ± 0.33) were obtained in 0.5% TP treated group than other dietary groups. Whereas livability rate was not influenced (p>0.05) by different dietary groups. The relative weight of liver, gizzard, heart and intestine of different groups showed that there were non-significant (p>0.05) difference among the groups. On the other hand, abdominal fat weight (g) was significantly (p<0.05) lower in birds fed with 0.5%TP (20.11 ± 1.44) compared to control group. Different treatment groups were showed insignificant (p>0.05) effect on spleen and bursa weight. The mean weight of spleen and bursa were 2.07 ± 0.07g and 2.58 ± 0.09g respectively. Significantly (p<0.05) lower concentration (mmol/L) of glucose found in 0.5%TP treated

group T 3 (15.62 ± 0.56) than T 0 and T 1 group. On the other hand, control (171.67 ± 6.18) group showed significantly (p<0.05) higher concentration (mg/dl) of cholesterol compared to other dietary groups. Significantly (p<0.05) higher level of Hb (g/dl) found in 0.5%TP (9.36 ± 0.30) and GP 0.25% & TP 0.25% (9.24 ± 0.17) group than T 0 and T 1 group. Significantly (p<0.05) higher level of RBC (million/mm 3 ) was obtained in 0.5%TP group (4.52 ± 0.07) compared to T 0 and T 1 group. Significantly (p<0.05) lower and higher percentage of neutrophils and lymphocytes respectively was found in garlic and turmeric powder treated group compared to T 0 and T 1 group. The numbers of cecal microflora (CFU/ml), E. coli and Salmonella spp. were significantly (p<0.05) higher in control (7.47 ± 0.03 and 5.83 ± 0.12 respectively) group compared to other treatment groups. Total income, net profit and BCR per bird was comparatively highest in T 3 (0.5%TP) group. Analyzing the above research findings, it obtained that 0.5% GP or 0.5% TP or their combination (0.25%GP & 0.25% TP) can be used as an alternative of antibiotic. Although, Birds fed 0.5% turmeric powder (TP) supplemented diet achieved superior result due to turmeric has ability to reduce abdominal fat and glucose, increase hemoglobin, red blood cells and lymphocyte. It also has ability to decline the E. coli and Salmonella spp.in the gut of broiler chicken and comparatively increase the net economic benefit.