http://localhost:8080/handle/123456789/4783 2026-04-18T16:16:44Z http://localhost:8080/handle/123456789/5038 IDENTIFICATION OF MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT ESCHERICHIA COLI AND SALMONELLA SPECIES ISOLATED FROM CHICKEN AND PIGEON IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF DHAKA CITY KARIM, SHAH JUNGY IBNA The poultry industry in Bangladesh is considered an important sub-sector for economic growth and employment. Chicken and pigeon both are raised in the farm and sold in the live bird markets. This activity, therefore, may pose potential threats for humans as well as other animals as poultry may carry and spread different pathogens including drug- resistant bacteria. This work concentrated on the isolation and identification of multi-drug resistance E. coli and Salmonella spp. from chicken and pigeon.Forty five cloacal samples were collected from 45 birds (chicken and pigeon) during the study. E. coli and Salmonella spp. were isolated and identified on various types of agars. Biochemical tests were also performed. Besides, the presence of E. coli and Salmonella spp. were further confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Moreover, antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed against eleven antibiotics from seven classes on the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. The overall prevalence of E. coli and Salmonella spp. was 84.45 and 53.33%, respectively. The antibiogram profile of 38 E. coli as well as 24 Salmonella spp. revealed that all isolates were resistant to more than antibiotics. Hundred percent (100%) of E. coli showed resistance against amoxicillin, ampicillin and erythromycin. Furthermore, E. coli found sensitive against ceftriaxone and gentamicin. Similarly, around 100% of the Salmonella spp. showed resistance against amoxicillin, ampicillin and Co-Trimoxazole, respectively. However, 66.67% and 58.33% Salmonella spp. were found to show sensitivity against gentamicin and ceftriaxone. However, all isolated E. coli and Salmonella spp. were Multidrug-resistant (MDR). Poultry species carrying MDR E. coli and Salmonella spp. may contribute to the transmission and spread of these microorganisms. Therefore, strict hygienic measures should be taken during the farming & selling to decrease the potential transmission of E. coli and Salmonella spp. from chicken and pigeon to humans as well as other animals. A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka-1207, In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE (MS) IN MEDICINE DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/handle/123456789/5000 PREVALENCE OF DIFFERENT DISEASES OF CATTLE IN SELECTED DAIRY FARMS AT RAIPURA UPAZILA, NARSINGDI HOSSAIN, MD. SHAHADAT The study was conducted to ascertain the prevalence of different diseases of dairy cattle in selected dairy farms at Raipura upazila, Narsingdi. It was conducted during the period from January to December, 2021. During the study period a total of 25 owners or attendants were interviewed and an entire of 200 cattle were examined and analyzed where 44 were identified with different diseases. Each of the clinical case was diagnosed on the basis of history, general examination, physical examination and clinical findings. The overall prevalence of different diseases was 22 % in study area. Among the clinical cases, mastitis 13.63% was the highest in all recorded cases. Furthermore, Lumpy Skin Disease 11.36%, Foot and Mouth Disease 9.1%, pneumonia 6.82%, bloat 6.82%, navel ill 6.82%, bovine ephemeral fever 4.54%, diarrhea 4.54%, endoparasitic infestation 4.54%, acidosis 2.27% and retained placenta 2.27% etc. were also commonly recorded. It was noted that local breed (68.18%) were highly susceptible for different diseases and disorders than cross breed (31.82%) cattle. In relation to age, >3 years aged cattle (43.18%) were found more infected with diseases as compared with 1-4 years aged cattle (31.82%) and <1year aged (25%) cattle. Among the seasonal cases, summer season (40.91%) had higher prevalence of different diseases of dairy cattle than rainy season (34.1%) followed by winter season (25%) in study area. From the study it was evident that dairy in study area cattle were infected with different diseases and caused a huge economic losses to farmers. Immunoprophylaxis and hygienic management should be initiated to curb the prevalence of common diseases in dairy cattle. So further epidemiological and laboratory study should be needed to confirm the etiology, prevention and control measures of the diseases in dairy cattle at study area. A Thesis Submitted to Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207 In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN MEDICINE 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/handle/123456789/4925 PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF CAMPYLOBACTER SPP. COLONIZATION IN BROILER FARMS OF MUNSHIGONJ, NARAYANGANJ AND NARSINGDI DISTRICTS IN BANGLADESH AL-MARUF, MUHAMMAD Poultry origin zoonotic Campylobacter spp. is considered as one of the leading causal agents of human foodborne illness. A cross-sectional study (October 2020 to January 2021) was conducted to estimate the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. colonization and its associated risk factors in the broiler farms of Munshigonj, Narayanganj and Narsingdi Districts in Bangladesh. Cloacal swab samples were collected and pooled from the broiler farms Standard bacteriological and molecular techniques were followed to isolate and identify Campylobacter spp. Data on management, biosecurity, mortality and hygiene practices were collected using a structured questionnaire. The majors risk factors were analyzed at the farm level. Among 100 pooled (five samples from each broiler farm) cloacal swab samples from 100 broiler farms, the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. was estimated to be 24% (95% CI 16.02–33.57). The tended to be higher prevalence Campylobacter spp. colonization was found in Narsindi district (32.35%) followed by Narayanganj (27.78%) and Munshiganj (10%) (p=0.09). In risk factor analysis, the factors more significantly associated with Campylobacter colonization were human traffic (more than one person enter into the shed, p=0.006), source of water (tube well, p=<0.001), not using of dedicated cloth or footwear into the farms (p=0.032), no use of disinfection of farms before restock (p=0.014) and less gap (minimum 14 days) between two batches during broiler rearing (p=0.008) associated with tended risk factors included absence of footbath facilities, presence of rodents in the farms, litter store outside of farms (0.05<p<0.1). The study gathered evidence of the presence of Campylobacter spp. colonization in the broiler farms and identified the factors that could help set effective interventions in the controlling of Campylobacter infection in chickens to reduce Campylobacter infection in humans through broilers. Keywords: Campylobacter spp., cloacal swab, prevalence, risk factors, Biosecurity. A Thesis Submitted to the Department of Medicine & Public Health Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE (MS) IN MEDICINE SEMESTER: DECEMBER, 2021 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/handle/123456789/4879 PREVALENCE AND PROFILING OF ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY OF A KEY PUBLIC HEALTH PLAYER ESCHERICHIA COLI FROM COMPANION ANIMAL IN DHAKA CITY MOHANTO, KAKOLEE This study was conducted in order to isolate, identify and to profiling the status of antibiotic sensitivity of the important public health organism Escherichia coli of companion animal. A total of 30 fecal samples of cats and dogs were collected from two different regions of Dhaka city, aseptically and inoculated onto various culture media for isolation of E. coli. The microorganisms were isolated and identified by performing cultural characteristics and biochemical tests. The study had been conducted based on species, age, location and gender of host species. The prevalence of E. coli infection in cat was 66.67% and in dog was 60.00%, respectively with same ratio of resistance in male and female in dog whereas in cat female were more resistance than male. To perform the disc diffusion method for profiling the antibiotic sensitivity, 10 commonly used antibiotics were used. The highest rate of resistance was recorded in Metronidazole (57.89%) and Amoxicillin (52.63%) followed by Co-trimoxazole (41.10%), Ciprofloxacin (31.57%), Ceftriaxone (31.57%) and Azithromycin (26.31%). The highest rate of sensitivity was recorded to Cefixime (52.63%) followed by Ciprofloxacin (36.84%), Cefuroxime (36.84%) and Gentamicin (36.84%). Data from this study reveal that companion animal like cat and dog carry multi-drug resistant E. coli sp. which can be transferred to human and can cause a public health hazard. A Thesis Submitted to the Department of Medicine & Public Health Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE (MS) IN MEDICINE SEMESTER: JULY-DECEMBER 2019 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z