http://localhost:8080/handle/123456789/4191 2026-04-18T16:15:38Z http://localhost:8080/handle/123456789/4720 FATTY ACID COMPOSITIONS ANALYSIS OF F1 POPULATIONS DERIVED FROM 7X7 HALF DIALLEL CROSS IN MUSTARD (Brassica juncea L.) GAIN, NILOY The study was conducted to evaluate the 21 F 1 hybrids of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) for yield and eleven yield attributes and fatty acid compositions. The seven parents including one canola grade genotype were mated in rabi season 2019-20 to develop 21 F 1 hybrids. These F 1 lines and their parents were used to estimate the genetic variability, combining ability, heterosis and fatty acid compositions at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University during rabi season 2020-21 in a randomized complete block design with three replications. High heritability in broad sense was observed for all the traits except days to siliqua maturity, siliqua length (cm) and seeds per siliqua; suggested that major proportions of total variance was due to high genotypic effects. Higher σ 2 gca than σ 2 sca was found in days to first flowering, 50% flowering, plant height and harvest index indicating additive genetic effects were predominant for these traits. Furthermore, days to siliqua maturity (51.02%) of the F 1 lines displayed high narrow sense heritability; and plant height (46.28%), days to first flowering (42.52%) and seeds per siliqua (33.56%) showed moderate narrow sense heritability. The parental lines P1, P3 and P4 were found as the best general combiner for earliness and dwarfness. For yield contributing traits, the parents, P2 and P7 showed the best combiner genotypes. Among the cross combinations, the hybrids G3, G7, G11 and G13 indicated the best specific combiners for yield and yield attributes. While the crosses, G4, G6, G17 and G21 found for early maturity and short stature trait. The hybrid G3 followed by G5 and G17 manifested the highest heterosis for early maturity over both the better parent and check variety BARI sharisha-11. In case of plant height, the hybrids G4, G14 and G21 whereas hybrid G7 followed by G1, G11 and G13 manifested the highest desirable heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis for yield and yield related traits. In the fatty acid compositions analysis, the parent P6 had the lowest erucic acid (0.81%); while the cross combination G19-S4 (22.14%) and G5-S1 (22.19%) contained low erucic acid. In hybrids, total saturated fatty acid (TSFA) ranged from 10.81% (G5-S1) to 16.53% (G20-S1), whereas mono unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) was ranged from 40.60% (G20S2) to 59.18% (G5-S1). The ratio of oleic acid (ω-9) to linoleic (ω-6) acid was found the highest in P6 (1.70) followed by G5-S1 (1.19). Moreover, P6 (4.21) showed the highest ratio of linoleic (ω-6) to linolenic (ω-3) acid followed by G19-S4 (3.58). Considering the altogether, the hybrids viz., G4, G5, G7, G11, G17, G19 and G21 were selected and these lines could be utilized further to develop early matured and high yielding having low erucic acid, but higher ω-9, ω-6 and ω-3 fatty acids containing improved variety. A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING SEMESTER: JULY-DECEMBER, 2021 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/handle/123456789/4719 CHARACTERIZATION AND DIVERSITY ANALYSIS OF RIDGE GOURD (Luffa acutangula) GERMPLASMS ANIKA, ZANNATUL An experiment was carried out at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University in kharif season with thirty ridge gourd germplasms to study the diversity among the germplasms. The germplasms were examined for seventeen yield and yield contributing characters. Significant variation was observed among all the germplasms for all the characters studied. High heritability along with high genetic advance in percentage of mean were observed for fruit yield per plant, fruit weight and no. of fruits per plant. High heritability along with moderate genetic advance in percentage of mean were observed for seed breadth and hundred seed weight. High heritability along with low genetic advance in percentage of mean were observed for days to male flower appearance. Highly significant positive correlation of yield per plant were observed with internode length (r g =0.44, r p =0.43), fruit length (r g =0.33, r p =0.32), fruit weight (r g =0.55, r p =0.53), no. of fruits per plant (r g =0.83, r p =0.81) at both genotypic and phenotypic level. Path analysis indicated that, yield per plant had positive and direct effect through days to emergence, days to male flower appearance, internode length, leaf length, petiole length, fruit breadth, seed length and hundred seed weight. The germplasms were grouped into five clusters. Cluster IV was the largest and containing fourteen germplasms followed by cluster III and V with five germplasms and cluster I and II with only three germplasms. Cluster I showed maximum performance for fruit yield per plant (2.28 kg) and fruit weight (2.06 g). Cluster II showed maximum performance for days to emergence (0.42). Cluster III recorded highest mean performance for peduncle length (1.44 cm), fruit breadth (1.41 cm), days to emergence (1.28) and petiole length (1.10 cm). Cluster IV showed maximum performance for leaf breadth (0.38 cm) followed by seed length (0.32cm) and hundred seed weight (0.32 g). Cluster V showed maximum performance for leaf length (1.33 cm) and no. of fruits per plant (1.05). Considering the degree of variability, heritability, genetic advance in percent of mean, correlation with fruit yield, path analysis, magnitude of distance, contribution of different characters towards the total divergence, magnitude of cluster means for different characters and performance, the germplasms G4, G5, and G24 for yield per plant from cluster I; G1 and G19 for fruit length from cluster III might be considered better parents for efficient hybridization programme. A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING SEMESTER: JULY-DECEMBER, 2021 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/handle/123456789/4718 GENETIC ANALYSIS IN F5 GENERATION OF TOMATILLO (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.) RAY, MILON CHANDRO The experiment was conducted at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the Rabi season of 2021 under field condition to identify the variability, correlation and path coefficient analysis by considering ten yield contributing characters using sixteen populations in F 5 generation of tomatillo (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.). The experiment was laid out in RCBD with three replications. The population G14 showed the early flowering plant. The population G2 showed the highest plant height. and the population G15 showed the highest fruit length. The population G12 showed the highest fruit diameter. Population G6 showed the highest brix percentage. G11 have highest pH value than the others. Individual fruit weight (60.39g) was observed in G12 population and highest fruit yield per plant (3.76kg) was observed in G4 population. But the population G7 showed the highest number of fruits per plant. Lower difference between PCV and GCV for days to first flowering, plant height, fruit length, fruit diameter, brix percentage, pH, individual fruit weight, number of fruit per plant, yield per plant, suggested that environmental influence was less on the expression of the genes controlling these traits and selection based upon the phenotypic expression of these characters would be effective for the improvement of tomatillo. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance in percentage of mean for brix percentage, individual fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, fruits yields per plant were obtained, suggesting that the heritability of these traits was due to additive gene effects and selection may be effective in early generations for these traits. Yield per plant showed positively significant association with number of branches per plant and number of fruits per plants for both genotypic and phenotypic level, indicating that a possible increase in these traits tends to increase in fruit yield per plant. A positive direct effect was obtained for plant height, number of branches per plant, fruit length, Brix percentage, pH, individual fruit weight and number of fruits per plant on fruit yield per plant. Therefore, considering the agronomic and genetic performance the population G4 for high yield, G8 population for the fresh consumption, G12 and G15 for larger size fruits might be suggested for further selection in next generation that would be effective in future breeding program. A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING SEMESTER: JULY-DECEMBER, 2021 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/handle/123456789/4717 GENETIC DIVERSITY STUDIES IN PUMPKIN ANJUM, AFIA An experiment was conducted at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka, during the period from March 2020 to September 2020 using eighteen pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima Duch.) genotypes to study the genetic variability and diversity of pumpkin in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimental results showed significant differences among the genotypes. For all the traits, phenotypic variance exceeded genotypic variance. High genotypic co-efficient of variation was found in number of fruits per plant, fruit length, fruit breadth, individual fruit weight, and yield per plant. Low GCV was observed for plant height, number of branches per plant, leaf length, days to first male flower, and days to first harvest. High heritability with high genetic advance in percent of mean was observed fruit length, fruit breadth, individual fruit weight, and yield per plant which indicated that these traits would be effective for genetic improvement. High heritability with low genetic advance in percent of mean was observed in days to first male flower, days to first female flower, days to first female flower anthesis, and days to first harvest. Correlation studies showed that positive and significant correlation of fruit yield per plant with plant height, days to first harvest, number of fruits per plant, fruit length, fruit breadth, individual fruit weight and fruit yield per plant. The highest intra cluster distance was found in cluster IV (4.244) and the lowest was found in cluster II (1.246). Among five clusters, the highest inter cluster distance was found in between cluster IV (47.008) and V (55.141) and the lowest between cluster II (26.200) and III (20.165). Considering group distance and phenotypic performances, the inter genotypic crosses between G4 "Hazari (Local)" and G13; G4 "Hazari (Local)" and G14 (BD-4371) and G13 (BD-4391) and G14 (BD-4371) might be suggested for future hybridization program. A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING SEMESTER: JULY-DECEMBER, 2021 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z