Abstract:
Executive Summary
Reproduction is a vital factor in determining the efficiency of animal production. The
primary reproductive organ in female animals is the ovary, which performs dual roles of
oogenesis and steroidogenesis by producing ova and ovarian steroids respectively. Other
reproductive organs include the oviduct, uterus, and cervix have very important roles in
female reproductive capacity and functioning. Under normal anatomical and physiological
conditions, all these parts work in collaboration and synergistically to achieve maximum
reproductive capacity in female animals. Morphometry deals with the shape, weight, and
dimension (length, width, and thickness) variation of an organ. The knowledge of the
reproductive organs morphometry of female animals is crucial and may determine the extent
to which these organs can perform their physiological roles. Genotype greatly affects the
biological effectiveness of dairy cows. Different genotypes of cows react to environmental
changes differently. A biometrical study was conducted on the reproductive organs of cows
of different genotypes (Local, Holstein Friesian × Local and Sahiwal × Local) available in
slaughterhouse from July 2022 to March 2023. Immediately, following the slaughter, the
reproductive organs of cows were gathered from a local abattoir in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The
comparison of morphometric values of most of the parameters of the reproductive tract
observed in different genotypic cows showed significant differences (p<0.05). Holstein
Friesian × Local had significantly higher values (p<0.05) on most of the parameters of
genitalia measured, followed by the Sahiwal × Local, and Local respectively. Holstein
Friesian × Local had the longest uterine horn, uterine body, cervix and vagina. However, the
biometry of the tubular parts of genitalia in Holstein Friesian × Local and Sahiwal × Local
cows are suggestive of the selection of crossbred dairy cows to get maximum benefits from
crossbreeding with respect to reproductive performance and also for genetic improvement
through artificial insemination.
